Step 1

For a fire to start three things are needed:

1. a source of ignition
2. fuel
3. oxygen

If any one of these is missing a fire cannot start. Taking steps to avoid these three elements coming together will reduce the risk of a fire starting. Your fire risk assessment should list potential sources of ignition and fuels present in your workplace.

Potential Sources of Ignition

• naked flames - smokers' materials, matches, pilot flames, cookers, arson etc.
• hot processes - welding, grinding, flame cutting
• hot surfaces - lighting equipment (halogen lamps), heaters, machinery, boilers
• friction - loose bearings, drive belts
• sparks - static electricity, metal impact, tools, welding, grinding, electrical contacts/switches

Scorch marks or discoloured or charred electrical fittings can help you identify potential sources of ignition you may not otherwise have considered.

Potential Sources of Fuel

Anything that burns is fuel for a fire. Some of the most common fuels found in the workplace are:

• liquids - paints, varnish, thinners, adhesives, solvents (petrol, white spirit, methylated spirit and paraffin)
• chemicals
• solids - wood, paper, card, plastic, rubber, foam, furniture, fixtures/fittings, textiles, packaging, waste

The main source of oxygen that feeds a fire is the air around us. Some chemicals, and oxygen supplied in cylinder or piped systems, can produce an additional source of oxygen.